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Dec 22, 2022

The Disturbing Reality of Cobalt Mining for Rechargeable Batteries

Posted by in categories: sustainability, transportation

The truth about Cobalt. The demand for colbalt is on the rise as we transition to electric vehicles is at an all time high.


Taken from JRE #1914 w/Siddharth Kara:

Continue reading “The Disturbing Reality of Cobalt Mining for Rechargeable Batteries” »

Dec 22, 2022

Big dynorphin may protect neurons from the accumulation of Alzheimerโ€™s-associated amyloid

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, computing, neuroscience

๐€๐ฅ๐ณ๐ก๐ž๐ข๐ฆ๐ž๐ซโ€™๐ฌ ๐ƒ๐ข๐ฌ๐ž๐š๐ฌ๐ž


One of the main features of Alzheimerโ€™s disease is that the ฮฒ-amyloid peptide, a molecule found inside neurons that has many diverse functions, begins to fold incorrectly and accumulates. This process, which ends up causing neuronal death, is linked to a series of other cellular alterations, making it difficult to determine whether they are the cause or the consequence. An example is the case of the deregulation of a type of dynorphin.

Dynorphins are the bodyโ€™s own opioid peptides, which play a key role in many brain pathways. They are located in different areas of the brain, such as the hippocampus, amygdala or hypothalamus, and are involved in memory processes, emotion control, stress and pain, and among other processes. In addition, several studies have shown their involvement in epilepsy, stroke, addictions, depression and schizophrenia.

Continue reading “Big dynorphin may protect neurons from the accumulation of Alzheimerโ€™s-associated amyloid” »

Dec 21, 2022

Study unveils neural pathway promoting regeneration after traumatic injuries

Posted by in category: neuroscience

๐’๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐ฒ ๐ฎ๐ง๐ฏ๐ž๐ข๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐ง๐ž๐ฎ๐ซ๐š๐ฅ ๐ฉ๐š๐ญ๐ก๐ฐ๐š๐ฒ ๐ฉ๐ซ๐จ๐ฆ๐จ๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐  ๐ซ๐ž๐ ๐ž๐ง๐ž๐ซ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐š๐Ÿ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ ๐ญ๐ซ๐š๐ฎ๐ฆ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐œ ๐ข๐ง๐ฃ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ข๐ž๐ฌ

๐™Ž๐™ฉ๐™ช๐™™๐™ž๐™š๐™จ ๐™š๐™ญ๐™ฅ๐™ก๐™ค๐™ง๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™ฃ๐™š๐™ช๐™ง๐™–๐™ก ๐™ฅ๐™ง๐™ค๐™˜๐™š๐™จ๐™จ๐™š๐™จ ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™ซ๐™ค๐™ก๐™ซ๐™š๐™™ ๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™˜๐™š๐™ก๐™ก ๐™ง๐™š๐™œ๐™š๐™ฃ๐™š๐™ง๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ ๐™–๐™ง๐™š ๐™ค๐™› ๐™˜๐™ง๐™ช๐™˜๐™ž๐™–๐™ก ๐™ž๐™ข๐™ฅ๐™ค๐™ง๐™ฉ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™˜๐™š, ๐™–๐™จ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š๐™ฎ ๐™˜๐™ค๐™ช๐™ก๐™™ ๐™ฅ๐™–๐™ซ๐™š ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™ฌ๐™–๐™ฎ ๐™ฉ๐™ค๐™ฌ๐™–๐™ง๐™™๐™จ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™™๐™š๐™ซ๐™š๐™ก๐™ค๐™ฅ๐™ข๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ฉ ๐™ค๐™› ๐™ข๐™ค๐™ง๐™š ๐™š๐™›๐™›๐™š๐™˜๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ซ๐™š ๐™ฉ๐™ง๐™š๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ข๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ฉ๐™จ ๐™›๐™ค๐™ง ๐™ข๐™–๐™ฃ๐™ฎ ๐™ฅ๐™–๐™ฉ๐™๐™ค๐™ก๐™ค๐™œ๐™ž๐™š๐™จ ๐™–๐™จ๐™จ๐™ค๐™˜๐™ž๐™–๐™ฉ๐™š๐™™ ๐™ฌ๐™ž๐™ฉ๐™ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™ข๐™ช๐™ฉ๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ๐™จ ๐™ค๐™ง ๐™™๐™š๐™ฉ๐™š๐™ง๐™ž๐™ค๐™ง๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ ๐™ค๐™› ๐™˜๐™š๐™ก๐™ก๐™จ. ๐™ˆ๐™ž๐™˜๐™ง๐™ค๐™œ๐™ก๐™ž๐™–, ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™—๐™ง๐™–๐™ž๐™ฃโ€™๐™จ ๐™ง๐™š๐™จ๐™ž๐™™๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ฉ ๐™ž๐™ข๐™ข๐™ช๐™ฃ๐™š ๐™˜๐™š๐™ก๐™ก๐™จ, ๐™—๐™š๐™˜๐™ค๐™ข๐™š ๐™–๐™˜๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ซ๐™š ๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™ง๐™š๐™จ๐™ฅ๐™ค๐™ฃ๐™จ๐™š ๐™ฉ๐™ค ๐™ฅ๐™–๐™ฉ๐™๐™ค๐™ก๐™ค๐™œ๐™ž๐™š๐™จ, ๐™จ๐™ค๐™ข๐™š๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ข๐™š๐™จ ๐™ก๐™š๐™–๐™™๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™ฉ๐™ค ๐™˜๐™๐™ง๐™ค๐™ฃ๐™ž๐™˜ ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™›๐™ก๐™–๐™ข๐™ข๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ค๐™ฃ ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™™ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™จ๐™˜๐™–๐™ง๐™ง๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™ค๐™› ๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™จ๐™จ๐™ช๐™š.


Studies exploring the neural processes involved in cell regeneration are of crucial importance, as they could pave the way towards the development of more effective treatments for many pathologies associated with the mutations or deterioration of cells. Microglia, the brainโ€™s resident immune cells, become active in response to pathologies, sometimes leading to chronic inflammation and the scarring of tissue.

Continue reading “Study unveils neural pathway promoting regeneration after traumatic injuries” »

Dec 20, 2022

Our Protective Outer Layer

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, life extension

Throughout our lives, our skin goes through a lot. We get sunburns, we skin our knees, we bleed, we scar and we do it again. Our skin is our largest organ and, in many ways, serves as our protector. Beyond acting as a protective barrier between us and our environment, our skin regulates our body temperature, provides immune protection against harmful microbes and blocks out harmful sunlight in ways that benefit the whole body. And when skin is injured, blood brings healing substances to the site to promote healing as the body awaits new, replacement skin cells.

Regardless of scrapes and scratches, skin cells are constantly renewing themselves throughout our lives โ€” a process reliant on skin stem cells. These skin stem cells turn over slowly, keeping our skin healthy and young. But as we age, these skin stem cells either numerically or functionally deplete, our skin thins and we are consequentially at higher risk for developing ulcers. The older the skin, the harder it is to heal these ulcers, meaning they can become chronic, open wounds that impact lifestyle and invite infection.

But what if we could activate a skin stem cell to be more responsive to injury? To get an 80-year-oldโ€™s skin to function like a 30-year-oldโ€™s skin? Could we reverse skin stem cell age-related deterioration and improve their turnover? What if we could do so in a way that healed wounds regeneratively, without any scarring? With these questions in mind, a collaborative team of researchers from the Mass General Brigham, Boston Childrenโ€™s Hospital, and four additional Harvard institutions set off to study these powerful cells.

Dec 19, 2022

Life-changing: New gene therapy gel heals decades-old wounds from skin disease

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

A gene therapy gel for a blistering skin disease developed at Stanford Medicine has worked wonders in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

The gel, called B-VEC, was intended to treat dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, a skin disease that results in large open wounds that last for decades. The condition is extremely painful, and the medical treatment is mostly limited to palliative care.

Dec 14, 2022

ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue

Posted by in category: robotics/AI

GPT Chat is a large language model trained by OpenAI, its function is to assist users in generating human-like text based on the input provided to it. It can assist with a wide range of tasks, such as answering questions, providing explanations, and generating original text. Itโ€™s designed to generate natural-sounding text, and itโ€™s constantly learning and improving. Itโ€™s able to process and generate text at scale, making it a powerful tool for natural language processing and generation. Itโ€™s ultimate goal is to make it easier for people to interact with computers and access information using natural language.

Give it a try: https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/

I had GPT Chat rewrite an articleโ€ฆ More.

Continue reading “ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue” »

Dec 12, 2022

CAR-T-cell shows promise in patients with lymphoma of the brain and spinal cord in early trial

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

๐‚๐€๐‘-๐“-๐œ๐ž๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ฌ๐ก๐จ๐ฐ๐ฌ ๐ฉ๐ซ๐จ๐ฆ๐ข๐ฌ๐ž ๐ข๐ง ๐ฉ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐ฅ๐ฒ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ก๐จ๐ฆ๐š ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐›๐ซ๐š๐ข๐ง ๐š๐ง๐ ๐ฌ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐š๐ฅ ๐œ๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐ข๐ง ๐ž๐š๐ซ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ญ๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ฅ

๐˜ผ ๐˜พ๐˜ผ๐™-๐™-๐™˜๐™š๐™ก๐™ก ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š๐™ง๐™–๐™ฅ๐™ฎ ๐™ ๐™ฃ๐™ค๐™ฌ๐™ฃ ๐™–๐™จ ๐™–๐™ญ๐™ž๐™˜๐™–๐™—๐™ฉ๐™–๐™œ๐™š๐™ฃ๐™š ๐™˜๐™ž๐™ก๐™ค๐™ก๐™š๐™ช๐™˜๐™š๐™ก (๐™–๐™ญ๐™ž-๐™˜๐™š๐™ก) ๐™ž๐™จ ๐™จ๐™–๐™›๐™š ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™™ ๐™จ๐™๐™ค๐™ฌ๐™จ ๐™š๐™ฃ๐™˜๐™ค๐™ช๐™ง๐™–๐™œ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™จ๐™ž๐™œ๐™ฃ๐™จ ๐™ค๐™› ๐™š๐™›๐™›๐™ž๐™˜๐™–๐™˜๐™ฎ ๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™– ๐™จ๐™ข๐™–๐™ก๐™ก ๐™ฅ๐™ž๐™ก๐™ค๐™ฉ ๐™ฉ๐™ง๐™ž๐™–๐™ก ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™ซ๐™ค๐™ก๐™ซ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™œ ๐™ฅ๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™š๐™ฃ๐™ฉ๐™จ ๐™ฌ๐™ž๐™ฉ๐™ ๐™ก๐™ฎ๐™ข๐™ฅ๐™๐™ค๐™ข๐™– ๐™ค๐™› ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™—๐™ง๐™–๐™ž๐™ฃ ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™™/๐™ค๐™ง ๐™จ๐™ฅ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™–๐™ก ๐™˜๐™ค๐™ง๐™™, ๐˜ฟ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™–-๐™๐™–๐™ง๐™—๐™š๐™ง ๐˜พ๐™–๐™ฃ๐™˜๐™š๐™ง ๐™„๐™ฃ๐™จ๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ฉ๐™ช๐™ฉ๐™š ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™ซ๐™š๐™จ๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™œ๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ค๐™ง๐™จ ๐™ง๐™š๐™ฅ๐™ค๐™ง๐™ฉ ๐™–๐™ฉ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š 64๐™ฉ๐™ ๐˜ผ๐™ข๐™š๐™ง๐™ž๐™˜๐™–๐™ฃ ๐™Ž๐™ค๐™˜๐™ž๐™š๐™ฉ๐™ฎ ๐™ค๐™› ๐™ƒ๐™š๐™ข๐™–๐™ฉ๐™ค๐™ก๐™ค๐™œ๐™ฎ (๐˜ผ๐™Ž๐™ƒ) ๐˜ผ๐™ฃ๐™ฃ๐™ช๐™–๐™ก ๐™ˆ๐™š๐™š๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™ฃ๐™œ.


A CAR-T-cell therapy known as axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is safe and shows encouraging signs of efficacy in a small pilot trial involving patients with lymphoma of the brain and/or spinal cord, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute investigators report at the 64th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting.

Continue reading “CAR-T-cell shows promise in patients with lymphoma of the brain and spinal cord in early trial” »

Dec 12, 2022

Research explores early predictors of childrenโ€™s language delays

Posted by in category: futurism

๐‘๐ž๐ฌ๐ž๐š๐ซ๐œ๐ก ๐ž๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐จ๐ซ๐ž๐ฌ ๐ž๐š๐ซ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ฉ๐ซ๐ž๐๐ข๐œ๐ญ๐จ๐ซ๐ฌ ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐œ๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐ž๐งโ€™๐ฌ ๐ฅ๐š๐ง๐ ๐ฎ๐š๐ ๐ž ๐๐ž๐ฅ๐š๐ฒ๐ฌ

๐™„๐™ฃ ๐™– ๐™ฃ๐™š๐™ฌ ๐™จ๐™ฉ๐™ช๐™™๐™ฎ ๐™ก๐™š๐™™ ๐™—๐™ฎ ๐˜ผ๐™จ๐™จ๐™ค๐™˜๐™ž๐™–๐™ฉ๐™š ๐™‹๐™ง๐™ค๐™›๐™š๐™จ๐™จ๐™ค๐™ง ๐™‡๐™ฎ๐™ฃ๐™ฃ ๐™‹๐™š๐™ง๐™ง๐™ฎ, ๐™ง๐™š๐™จ๐™š๐™–๐™ง๐™˜๐™๐™š๐™ง๐™จ ๐™๐™–๐™ซ๐™š ๐™›๐™ค๐™ช๐™ฃ๐™™ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™–๐™ฉ ๐™ฉ๐™๐™š ๐™จ๐™ฅ๐™š๐™˜๐™ž๐™›๐™ž๐™˜ ๐™ฉ๐™ฎ๐™ฅ๐™š๐™จ ๐™ค๐™› ๐™ฌ๐™ค๐™ง๐™™๐™จ ๐™˜๐™๐™ž๐™ก๐™™๐™ง๐™š๐™ฃ ๐™ ๐™ฃ๐™ค๐™ฌ ๐™›๐™ž๐™ง๐™จ๐™ฉ ๐™˜๐™–๐™ฃ ๐™—๐™š ๐™–๐™ฃ ๐™š๐™–๐™ง๐™ก๐™ฎ ๐™ฅ๐™ง๐™š๐™™๐™ž๐™˜๐™ฉ๐™ค๐™ง ๐™ค๐™› ๐™ก๐™–๐™ฃ๐™œ๐™ช๐™–๐™œ๐™š ๐™™๐™ž๐™›๐™›๐™ž๐™˜๐™ช๐™ก๐™ฉ๐™ž๐™š๐™จ


In a new study led by Associate Professor Lynn Perry, researchers have found that the specific types of words children know first can be an early predictor of language difficulties.

Continue reading “Research explores early predictors of childrenโ€™s language delays” »

Dec 8, 2022

Flipping the switch: Scientists shed new light on genetic changes that turn โ€˜onโ€™ cancer genes

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics

Cancer, caused by abnormal overgrowth of cells, is the second-leading cause of death in the world. Researchers from the Salk Institute have zeroed in on specific mechanisms that activate oncogenes, which are altered genes that can cause normal cells to become cancer cells.

Cancer can be caused by , yet the impact of specific types such as structural variants that break and rejoin DNA, can vary widely. The findings, published in Nature on December 7, 2022, show that the activity of those mutations depends on the distance between a particular gene and the sequences that regulate the gene, as well as on the level of activity of the regulatory sequences involved.

Continue reading “Flipping the switch: Scientists shed new light on genetic changes that turn โ€˜onโ€™ cancer genes” »

Dec 7, 2022

How neurons autonomously regulate their excitability

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, mobile phones, robotics/AI

Nerve cells can regulate their sensitivity to incoming signals autonomously. A new study led by the University of Bonn has now discovered a mechanism that does just that. The German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior were involved in the work. The results have now been published in the journal Cell Reports.

Anyone who has ever sent a voice message with a knows how much the volume matters: Shouting into the microphone results in a distorted and unclear recording. But whispering is not a good idea eitherโ€”then the result is too quiet and also difficult to understand. That is why sound engineers ensure the perfect sound at every concert and talk show: They regulate each microphoneโ€™s gain to match the input signal.

The neurons in the brain can also fine-tune their sensitivity, and even do so autonomously. A new study led by the University of Bonn and the University Hospital Bonn shows how they do this. For this purpose, the participants investigated nerve cell networks that also play a role in vision, hearing and touch. The stimulus first travels to the so-called thalamus, a structure deep in the center of the brain. From there, it is then conducted to the , where it is further processed.

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