Like Earth, Mars is surrounded by an ionosphere—the part of its upper atmosphere where radiation from the sun knocks electrons off of atoms and molecules, creating charged particles. The Martian ionosphere is complex and continuously changes over the course of the day, but its role in atmospheric dynamics and radio communication signals means understanding it is key for Mars exploration.
One way to study the Martian ionosphere is with radio occultation, in which a spacecraft orbiting Mars sends a radio signal to a receiver on Earth. When it skims across the Martian ionosphere, the signal bends slightly. Researchers can measure this refraction to learn about Martian ionospheric properties such as electron density and temperature. However, the relative positions of Mars, Earth, and the sun mean conventional radio occultation cannot measure the middle of the Martian day.
Now, in an article published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Jacob Parrot and colleagues deepen our understanding of the Martian ionosphere using an approach called mutual radio occultation, in which the radio signal is sent not from an orbiter to Earth but between two Mars orbiters. As one orbiter rises or sets behind Mars from the other’s perspective, the signal passes through the ionosphere and refracts according to the ionosphere’s properties.
WASHINGTON — The Exploration Company said it achieved “partial success” on a test flight of a reentry capsule but lost the spacecraft before it splashed down.
The company launched Mission Possible, a 1.6-ton reentry capsule, on SpaceX’s Transporter-14 rideshare mission. The Falcon 9 carrying Mission Possible and the other rideshare payloads lifted off at 5:25 p.m. Eastern June 23 from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.
Mission Possible was the last payload scheduled to be deployed on Transporter-14, about two hours and 45 minutes after liftoff. The capsule would then perform a controlled reentry and splashdown in the north Pacific Ocean and then be recovered by a ship.
Analemma inverts the traditional diagram of an earth-based foundation, instead depending on a space-based supporting foundation from which the tower is suspended. This system is referred to as the Universal Orbital Support System (UOSS)
Which is based on the principles of a conventional space elevator. By placing a large asteroid into orbit over earth, a high strength cable can be lowered towards the surface of earth from which a super tall tower can be suspended. Since this new tower typology is suspended in the air, it can be constructed anywhere in the world and transported to its final location. The proposal calls for Analemma to be constructed over Dubai, which has proven to be a specialist in tall building construction at one fifth the cost of New York City construction.
Chart plotting tallest buildings in the world and their year of completion.
IN A NUTSHELL 🌌 Astronomers discovered a colossal molecular cloud named M4.7–0.8 in the Milky Way, weighing as much as 160,000 suns. 🔭 The Green Bank Telescope was instrumental in identifying this cloud located 23,000 light-years away, revealing its pivotal role in material transport. ⭐ Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) like M4.7–0.8 are critical for understanding
IN A NUTSHELL 🌌 The Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall is the largest known structure in the universe, spanning 62 billion light-years. 💥 Gamma-ray bursts serve as cosmic lighthouses, helping astronomers map distant regions of the universe. 🧐 This discovery challenges the cosmological principle, which assumes the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales. 🔭
A study published in Astronomy & Astrophysics by a researcher from the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory (XAO) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has provided new insights into the phenomenon of “pulse nulling”—a sudden cessation of the entire radio pulsed emission observed in over 200 pulsar manifests.
This event, which can last from a few rotations to several minutes, is suggested to be random, but its statistical distribution may hint at deeper patterns in pulsar emission behavior.
Pulse nulling is quantified by the nulling fraction (NF), defined as the proportion of pulses during which no detectable emission occurs. While NF varies from one pulsar to another, recent studies demonstrate a decreasing number of pulsars with increasing NF, suggesting certain underlying patterns for nulling.
A team of astronomers and astrophysicists affiliated with several institutions in Australia has found that a mysterious fast radio burst (FRB) detected last year originated not from a distant source, but from one circling the planet—a long-dead satellite. The team has posted a paper outlining their findings on the arXiv preprint server.
On June 13, 2024, a team working at the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder heard something unexpected—a potential FRB that lasted less than 30 nanoseconds. The pulse, they note, was so strong that it eclipsed all of the other signals coming from the sky.
It was originally assumed that the signal had come from some distant object because that is the case for most FRBs. But subsequent analysis showed that it had come from a nearby source.
