Zhou et al. describe an antiviral strategy for herpes simplex encephalitis that employs enucleated MSCs overexpressing Nectin-1 as decoys. This strategy effectively sequesters the virus and prevents its intracellular replication. Ultimately, they undergo programmed apoptosis, thereby facilitating macrophage-mediated clearance. This strategy offers a therapeutic approach for refractory viral infections.
【】 Full article: (Authored by Shen Liu and Fei Meng, from University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, China.)
Rubber supports are essential in automotive, heavy machinery, and aerospace engineering. They offer excellent hyper elasticity, viscoelastic dissipation, and noise reduction. However, their fatigue evolution under coupled thermo-mechanical loading is exceptionally complex. This study develops an LSTM-Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) framework that integrates prior physical knowledge transfer with Partial Differential Equation (PDE) constraints, to address the challenge of predicting the fatigue life of rubber_isolators under thermo-mechanical-damage coupling.
Rubber supports are ubiquitous in modern vibration isolation systems. Their fatigue evolution under coupled thermo-mechanical loading is exceptionally complex. Traditional life prediction methods rely heavily on empirical formulas. These methods often lack accuracy and extrapolation capabilities under varying temperatures. To address this, we propose a novel LSTM-PINN architecture. This framework integrates physical constitutive relations and temperature effects into a neural network. We used transfer learning to extract baseline physical data across wide temperature ranges. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layers capture sequential loading features. We embedded partial differential equations (PDEs) into the loss function. These PDEs are based on strain energy density (SED) and Arrhenius thermodynamics. This approach ensures strict adherence to physical laws. Results demonstrate that LSTM-PINN achieves high precision even with small datasets. It also exhibits superior out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. This framework provides a new paradigm for evaluating the reliability of rubber components.
Rubber Isolator, Fatigue Life, PINN, LSTM, Thermo–Mechanical Coupling
Territorial conflicts in animals can inform aspects of human warfare, but civil war, with its shifting group identities, has not been previously observed. We report a rare, permanent fission in the largest-known group of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Using 30 years of behavioral observations and network analyses, we describe a transition from cohesion to polarization in 2015 and the emergence of two distinct groups by 2018. Over the next 7 years, members of one group made 24 attacks, killing at least seven mature males and 17 infants in the other group. These findings indicate that group identities can shift and escalate into lethal hostility in one of our closest living relatives in the absence of the cultural markers often thought necessary for human warfare.
Astronomers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) have employed the Lijiang 2.4-m telescope to perform optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of a core-collapse Type IIP supernova designated SN 2024abfl. Results of the observational campaign, published April 2 on the arXiv, preprint server, deliver essential information regarding the origin of this peculiar supernova.
Mitochondrial supercomplexes assembly in exercise.
The function of supercomplexes (SCs) formed from mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is not well understood.
The researchers demonstrate that exercise dynamically modulates the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory complexes into supercomplexes (SCs) in human skeletal muscle, with this remodeling being sex dependent.
The authors found that males increased the assembly of complex III (CIII) into SCs, particularly high molecular weight SCs (HMWSCs), in an intensity-dependent manner within skeletal muscle. Females showed a stable content of both HMWSCs and I+III2 SCs during exercise.
This highlights the importance of accounting for biological sex when studying mitochondrial adaptations to exercise. sciencenewshighlights ScienceMission https://sciencemission.com/mitochondrial-supercomplexes-and-exercise
Huertas et al. demonstrate that exercise dynamically modulates the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory complexes into supercomplexes in human skeletal muscle, with this remodeling being sex dependent. This highlights the importance of accounting for biological sex when studying mitochondrial adaptations to exercise.
Acute lymphoid leukemia and brain and central nervous system cancers were estimated to be the greatest contributors to new childhood cancer cases in 0–19-year-olds in 2023.
A new comprehensive study published in The Lancet from researchers at IHME and St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital — Science and Medicine examined the burden of childhood and adolescent cancer from 1990 to 2023, aiming to inform effective cancer policy planning around the globe.
Read the study.
Childhood cancer was the eighth-leading cause of childhood deaths and the ninth-leading cause of DALYs among all cancers in 2023. Globally, in 2023, there were an estimated 377 000 incident childhood cancer cases, 144 000 deaths, and 11·7 million DALYs due to childhood cancer.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming cardiovascular imaging by automating tasks such as image segmentation, feature extraction, and risk prediction — leading to significant improvements in diagnostic precision and efficiency. However, the integration of AI into clinical workflows comes with critical risks that must be addressed to ensure safe and reliable patient care.
This review explores the technical, clinical, and ethical challenges of AI in cardiovascular imaging, particularly highlighting the risks of model errors, data drift and inappropriate usage. We also examine concerns about explainability, the potential for deskilling of healthcare professionals, generalisability across diverse populations, and accountability in AI implementation.
We present real-world examples of where these risks have been realised, along with attempts at mitigations, including the adoption of explainable AI techniques, rigorous validation frameworks to ensure fairness and broad applicability, continuous performance monitoring, and transparency at every stage of model development and deployment.
Say you accidentally cut the tip of your finger off. Especially if this happened to you as a child, there’s a good chance it would regrow—skin, nail and all. The same is true for other mammals such as monkeys and mice. Unfortunately, however, our regenerative abilities stop there. While some other creatures, most notably salamanders and starfish, can regenerate entire limbs, mammals don’t have this evolutionary superpower.
Part of the reason why our cells only have a limited ability to regenerate may have to do with our genes. But according to new research, two key environmental mechanisms may be at play, too.
Oxygen and hyaluronic acid may play a role in tissue recovery and regeneration, two new studies suggest.
By Jackie Flynn Mogensen edited by Claire Cameron.