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For example, to compute the magnetic susceptibility, we simply select the operator \(A=\beta {({S}^{z})}^{2}\), where β = 1/T is the inverse temperature. Interestingly, this method of estimating thermal expectation values is insensitive to uniform spectral broadening of each peak, due to a cancellation between the numerator and denominator (see discussion resulting in equation (S69) in Supplementary Information). However, it is highly sensitive to noise at low ω, which is exponentially amplified by eβω. To address this, we estimate the SNR for each DA(ω) independently and zero-out all points with SNR below three times the average SNR. This potentially introduces some bias by eliminating peaks with low signal but ensures that the effects of shot noise are well controlled.

To quantify the effect of noise on the engineered time dynamics, we simulate a microscopic error model by applying a local depolarizing channel with an error probability p at each gate. This results in a decay of the obtained signals for the correlator \({D}_{R}^{A}(t)\). The rate of the exponential decay grows roughly linearly with the weight of the measured operators (Extended Data Fig. 2). This scaling with operator weight can be captured by instead applying a single depolarizing channel at the end of the time evolution, with a per-site error probability of γt with an effective noise rate γ. This effective γ also scales roughly linear as a function of the single-qubit error rate per gate p (Extended Data Fig. 2).

Quantum simulations are constrained by the required number of samples and the simulation time needed to reach a certain target accuracy. These factors are crucial for determining the size of Hamiltonians that can be accessed for particular quantum hardware.

Interactions between atoms and light rule the behavior of our physical world, but at the same time, can be extremely complex. Understanding and harnessing them is one of the major challenges for the development of quantum technologies.

To understand light-mediated interactions between atoms, it is common to isolate only two atomic levels, a ground level and an excited level, and view the atoms as tiny antennas with two poles that talk to each other. So, when an atom in a crystal lattice array is prepared in the , it relaxes back to the after some time by emitting a photon.

The emitted photon does not necessarily escape from the array, but instead, it can become absorbed by another ground-state atom, which then gets excited. Such an exchange of excitations, also referred to as dipole-dipole interaction, is key for making atoms interact, even when they cannot bump into each other.

The gemstone spinel, known for its vibrant colors resembling gems such as rubies and sapphires, has now been shown to be capable of storing quantum information, making it a viable material in the field of quantum technology.

The discovery, which was made by collaborators from Tohoku University, the University of Chicago, and Argonne National Laboratory, was published in the journal Applied Physics Express.

This is the first paper resulting from the Chicago–Tohoku Quantum Alliance. The alliance between UChicago and Tohoku researchers was forged in June 2023 to help build bridges with Japanese companies and establish stronger industry ties with academia and government.

The world of quantum physics is experiencing a second revolution, which will drive an exponential leap in the progress of computing, the internet, telecommunications, cybersecurity and biomedicine.

Quantum technologies are attracting more and more students who want to learn about concepts from the subatomic world—such as quantum entanglement or —to explore the innovative potential of quantum science.

In fact, understanding the non-intuitive nature of quantum technology concepts and recognizing their relevance to technological progress is one of the challenges of 2025, declared the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology by UNESCO.

A collaborative team of researchers from GSI/FAIR, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, and the Helmholtz Institute Mainz has advanced our understanding of the “island of stability” in superheavy nuclides. They achieved this by precisely measuring the superheavy rutherfordium-252 nucleus, now identified as the shortest-lived superheavy nucleus on record. Their findings were published in Physical Review Letters

<em> Physical Review Letters (PRL)</em> is a prestigious peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Physical Society. Launched in 1958, it is renowned for its swift publication of short reports on significant fundamental research in all fields of physics. PRL serves as a venue for researchers to quickly share groundbreaking and innovative findings that can potentially shift or enhance understanding in areas such as particle physics, quantum mechanics, relativity, and condensed matter physics. The journal is highly regarded in the scientific community for its rigorous peer review process and its focus on high-impact papers that often provide foundational insights within the field of physics.

Now, scientists have found a way to achieve high-fidelity quantum teleportation using logical qubits. The study was led by researchers from Quantinuum, a quantum computing company based in Colorado, USA.

Interesting Engineering (IE) spoke to one of the co-authors of the study, David Hayes, Director of Computation Theory and Design at Quantinuum.

“Quantum teleportation is an important technique that allows quantum information to be moved quickly, enabling fast processing in quantum computation. It’s also used as a benchmark for general progress since it requires several complex operations to work together,” Hayes explained to IE.

Extra dimensions—beyond length, width, height—seem like the stuff of science fiction. What would extra dimensions be like? Is time the fourth dimension? Does string theory require ten or eleven dimensions? Could deep reality be so strange? And, anyway, why would we care?

Make a tax-deductible donation to Closer To Truth to help us continue exploring the world’s deepest questions without paywalls: https://shorturl.at/OnyRq.

Lawrence Maxwell Krauss is a Canadian-American theoretical physicist and cosmologist who taught at Arizona State University, Yale University, and Case Western Reserve University. He founded ASU’s Origins Project in 2008 to investigate fundamental questions about the universe and served as the project’s director.

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Once the detection mechanism is refined, the next milestone would be to interface that optical signal with a small experimental crystal. The choice of crystal is not arbitrary. Labs might experiment with rare-earth-ion-doped crystals like praseodymium-doped yttrium silicate, known for their capacity to store quantum information for microseconds to milliseconds, or possibly even seconds, under specialized conditions. At an early stage, the device would not store large swaths of complex data but might capture discrete bursts of neural activity corresponding to short-term memory formation. By demonstrating that these bursts can be reliably “written” into the crystal and subsequently “read” out at a later time, researchers would confirm the fundamental principle behind Hippocampus Sync-Banks: that ephemeral neural codes can be transcribed into a stable external medium.

Of course, storing a fleeting pattern is just one half of the puzzle. To realize the Sync-Bank concept fully, the same pattern must be reintroduced into the brain in a way that the hippocampus recognizes. Here, scientists would leverage neural stimulation techniques. In theory, the crystal would “release” the stored patterns in the form of carefully modulated optical or electrical signals. Specialized interfaces near or within the hippocampus—perhaps using microLED arrays or sophisticated electrode grids—would then convert those signals back into the language of the neurons. If the signals are replayed with the correct timing and intensity, the hippocampus might treat them as though they are its own native memory patterns, thereby reactivating the memory. Experimental validation could involve training an animal to associate a particular stimulus with a reward, capturing the neural trace, and then seeing if artificially stimulating that trace at a later time recalls the memory even in the absence of the original stimulus.

Such experiments would inevitably confront thorny technical issues. Neurons and synapses adapt or “rewire” themselves as learning progresses, and the hippocampus is far from static. Overlapping memory traces often share neurons, meaning that reintroducing one memory trace might partially interfere with or activate another. To address this, scientists would need real-time feedback loops that track how the hippocampus responds to artificial signals. Machine learning algorithms might adjust the reintroduced signal to better fit the updated neural state, ensuring that the stored pattern does not clash with changes in the memory landscape. In other words, a second or third generation of prototypes could incorporate adaptive feedback, not just a one-way feed of recorded data. This type of refinement would be crucial to the user’s experience, because we do not simply recall memories as static snapshots; each time we remember something, our brains incorporate subtle new contexts and associations.

Experiments conducted at Montana State University in collaboration with Columbia University and the Honda Research Institute have resulted in the emission of single photons of light in a new type of quantum material—a feat that could lead to the development of controllable light sources for use in quantum technologies.

A comprehensive article about the breakthrough was published in the journal Nature Communications. It describes ultra small, two-dimensional, ribbon-shaped materials measuring one atom thick and tens of atoms wide—about a thousand times narrower than the width of a human hair.

The nanoribbons were grown by the Honda Research Institute, stretched over specialized surfaces developed by Columbia to stimulate , then manipulated and tested by the MSU team, which analyzed and described the nanoribbons’ characteristics, including their ability to emit single photons.